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Master English Grammar

Reciprocal Pronouns: Each Other vs. One Another

Learn how to use reciprocal pronouns to describe shared actions or relationships. Understand the difference between each other and one another.

What Are Reciprocal Pronouns?

Reciprocal pronouns ('each other' and 'one another') are used when two or more people do the same action to each other.

Why Is This Important?

Using reciprocal pronouns correctly makes it clear that the action is mutual between two or more people or things.

How to Use 'Each Other' and 'One Another'

'Each other' is commonly used for two people, while 'one another' is typically used for three or more, though both are often interchangeable.

Common Examples

They love each other.
All team members support one another.

Key Points

  • Use 'each other' for two people
    • John and Sarah respect each other.
    • We called each other yesterday.
  • Use 'one another' for three or more people
    • The team members congratulated one another.
    • They shared ideas with one another.
  • Both are often used interchangeably in modern English
    • They help each other in difficult times.
    • We care about one another.

Rules for Using 'Each Other' and 'One Another'

  • Use 'each other' when referring to two people

    • Sarah and Tom look at each other when talking.
    • The two brothers support each other.
    • We gave each other presents.

  • Use 'one another' when referring to three or more people

    • The players congratulated one another after the game.
    • Everyone in the group trusts one another.
    • They exchanged gifts with one another.

  • Both pronouns are often interchangeable in informal English

    • We should help each other during hard times.
    • They have been writing to one another for years.
    • The students helped each other with homework.

  • Special Cases & Exceptions:

    Although traditional grammar rules suggest a difference, most native speakers use 'each other' and 'one another' interchangeably.

  • In formal English, 'each other' is preferred for two people, and 'one another' for groups.

    • Formal: The two leaders respect each other.
    • Formal: The committee members trust one another.

  • Do not confuse reciprocal pronouns with reflexive pronouns.

    • Incorrect: They looked at themselves in surprise. (Reflexive)
    • Correct: They looked at each other in surprise. (Reciprocal)
ExampleTenseUse
John and Sarah respect each other.Reciprocal PronounTwo people interacting
The team members congratulated one another.Reciprocal PronounThree or more people interacting
They shared ideas with one another.Reciprocal PronounInterchangeable with 'each other'
The two brothers support each other.Reciprocal PronounMutual action between two people

Disclaimer: I am not affiliated with the creators of these videos. These are publicly available resources used to provide additional information on the topic.